Ada dua buah perangkat wireless, satu buah jenis wireless Access Point (AP) dan sebuah lagi Wireless Cable/DSL Router. Kedua perangkat ini sudah lama tidak difungsikan secara optimal, langsung saja timbul rasa penasaran untuk melakukan konfigurasi AP. Model dan merk perangkat wireless tidak disebutkan, karena tidak dapat fee dari vendor dan memungkinkan exploitasi menjadi lebih mudah oleh pengakses ilegal yang ada di area sekitar kantor he.. he..
Konfigurasi pertama dilakukan terhadap AP, ada passwordnya, password default telah berganti, tidak perlu bertanya ke konfigurator sebelumnya, cari cara untuk melakukan reset ke default factory setting di google.com, dapat beberapa informasi dari forum/milis, setelah dicoba akhirnya konfigurasi AP kembali ke setting awal.
Interface untuk mengatur setting AP dilakukan dengan memasukkan alamat IP perangkat AP melalui browser, beberapa konfigurasi dilakukan, diantaranya dengan:
- Mengatur supaya AP dapat berfungsi sebagai DHCP server
- Mencoba fitur Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP) dan Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA)
- Mengatur akses berdasarkan MAC Address device pengakses
- dsb
Beberapa konfigurasi yang dibuat tidak bekerja dengan baik, misalnya meski DHCP server telah diatur, AP tidak memberikan IP sesuai dengan alokasi yang ditentukan.
Upgade Firmware
Biasanya perangkat yang mempunyai firmware semacam AP akan menyediakan upgrade firmware untuk melakukan perbaikan, bahkan dengan upgrade firmware akan ada fungsi tambahan atau baru. Langsung saja cari firmware terbaru untuk AP di website vendor. Ternyata sudah ada beberapa release terhadap firmware lama yang ada di AP, download firmware versi terakhir. Firmware yang di download berbentuk file executable, jalankan file tersebut akan melakukan decompress dan menghasilkan file README dan firmware update.
Proses upgrade dapat dilakukan secara mudah, yaitu langsung dilakukan melalui browser, masukkan file firmware update, kemudian klik sumbit, dalam waktu kurang dari satu menit proses upgrade selesai dan firmware baru langsung terpasang. Reset ke default factory setting dilakukan sesuai rekomendasi Vendor yang ada di file README.
Upgrade firmware memberikan hasil yang sangat memuaskan, yaitu DHCP server dapat berfungsi dengan baik dan tersedianya fasilitas tambahan/baru yaitu perangkat wireless sekarang fungsinya menjadi tiga jenis:
- Access Point (fungsi default)
- Client Bridge Mode
- Repeater Mode
AP dan Komputer Server
Saat ini AP telah berfungsi dengan baik dan benar, selanjutnya ada keinginan untuk menyiapkan sebuah komputer untuk dijadikan sebuah server yang akan menyediakan fungsi untuk:
- Pengelolaan user
- Pengelolaan akses
- Proxy dan Firewall
- Pengelolaan authentifikasi
- Mencatat log/history akses
- Menyediakan fitur billing
Adakah pembaca yang telah melakukan/memasang aplikasi terpadu open source untuk Linux untuk kebutuhan seperti ini? jika ada, ditunggu komentarnya.
In computer networking, a wireless access point (WAP or AP) is a device that allows wireless communication devices to connect to a wireless network using Wi-Fi, Bluetooth or related standards. The WAP usually connects to a wired network, and can relay data between the wireless devices (such as computers or printers) and wired devices on the network.
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Introduction
Linksys WAP54G 802.11g Wireless Access Point
Prior to wireless networks, setting up a computer network in a business, home, or school often required running many cables through walls and ceilings in order to deliver network access to all of the network-enabled devices in the building. With the advent of the Wireless Access Point, network users are now able to add devices that access the network with few or no new cables. Today’s WAPs are built to support a standard for sending and receiving data using radio frequencies rather than cabling. Those standards, and the frequencies they use are defined by the IEEE. Most WAPs use IEEE 802.11 standards.
[edit] Common WAP Applications
A typical corporate use involves attaching several WAPs to a wired network and then providing wireless access to the office LAN. Within the range of the WAPs, the wireless end user has a full network connection with the benefit of mobility. In this instance, the WAP functions as a gateway for clients to access the wired network.
A Hot Spot is a common public application of WAPs, where wireless clients can connect to the Internet without regard for the particular networks to which they have attached for the moment. The concept has become common in large cities, where a combination of coffeehouses, libraries, as well as privately owned open access points, allow clients to stay more or less continuously connected to the Internet, while moving around. A collection of connected Hot Spots can be referred to as a lily-pad network.
The majority of WAPs are used in Home wireless networks.[citation needed] Home networks generally have only one WAP to connect all the computers in a home. Most are wireless routers, meaning converged devices that include a WAP, router, and often an ethernet switch in the same device. Many also converge a broadband modem. In places where most homes have their own WAP within range of the neighbors’ WAP, it’s possible for technically savvy people to turn off their encryption and set up a wireless community network, creating an intra-city communication network without the need of wired networks.
A WAP may also act as the network’s arbitrator, negotiating when each nearby client device can transmit. However, the vast majority of currently installed IEEE 802.11 networks do not implement this, using a distributed pseudo-random algorithm called CSMA/CD instead.
[edit] Wireless Access Point vs. Ad-Hoc Network
Some people confuse Wireless Access Points with Wireless Ad-Hoc networks. An Ad-Hoc network uses a connection between two or more devices without using an access point: the devices communicate directly. An Ad-Hoc network is used in situations, such as for a quick data exchange, or for a Multiplayer LAN game, because it is easy to set up and does not require an access point. Due to its peer-to-peer layout, Ad-Hoc connections are similar to Bluetooth ones, and are generally not recommended for a permanent installation.
Internet access via Ad-Hoc networks, using features like Windows’ Internet Connection Sharing, may work well with a small number of devices that are close to each other, but Ad-Hoc networks don’t scale well. Internet traffic will converge to the nodes with direct internet connection, potentially congesting these nodes. For internet-enabled nodes, Access Points have a clear advantage, being designed to handle this load.
Ethernet hub
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
4-port Ethernet hub
A network hub or repeater hub is a device for connecting multiple twisted pair or fiber optic Ethernet devices together and thus making them act as a single network segment. Hubs work at the physical layer (layer 1) of the OSI model. The device is thus a form of multiport repeater. Repeater hubs also participate in collision detection, forwarding a jam signal to all ports if it detects a collision.
Hubs also often come with a BNC and/or AUI connector to allow connection to legacy 10BASE2 or 10BASE5 network segments. The availability of low-priced network switches has largely rendered hubs obsolete but they are still seen in older installations and more specialized applications.
Technical information
A network hub is a fairly un-sophisticated broadcast device. Hubs do not manage any of the traffic that comes through them, and any packet entering any port is broadcast out on every other port (other than the port of entry). Since every packet is being sent out through every other port, packet collisions result–which greatly impedes the smooth flow of traffic.
The need for hosts to be able to detect collisions limits the number of hubs and the total size of the network. For 10 Mbit/s networks, up to 5 segments (4 hubs) are allowed between any two end stations. For 100 Mbit/s networks, the limit is reduced to 3 segments (2 hubs) between any two end stations, and even that is only allowed if the hubs are of the low delay variety. Some hubs have special (and generally manufacturer specific) stack ports allowing them to be combined in a way that allows more hubs than simple chaining through Ethernet cables, but even so, a large Fast Ethernet network is likely to require switches to avoid the chaining limits of hubs.
Most hubs detect typical problems, such as excessive collisions on individual ports, and partition the port, disconnecting it from the shared medium.[citation needed] Thus, hub-based Ethernet is generally more robust than coaxial cable-based Ethernet,[citation needed] where a misbehaving device can disable the entire segment. Even if not partitioned automatically, a hub makes troubleshooting easier because status lights can indicate the possible problem source or, as a last resort, devices can be disconnected from a hub one at a time much more easily than a coaxial cable. They also remove the need to troubleshoot faults on a huge cable with multiple taps.
Hubs classify as Layer 1 devices in the OSI model. At the physical layer, hubs can support little in the way of sophisticated networking. Hubs do not read any of the data passing through them and are not aware of their source or destination. Essentially, a hub simply receives incoming packets, possibly amplifies the electrical signal, and broadcasts these packets out to all devices on the network – including the one that originally sent the packet.
Technically speaking, three different types of hubs exist:
1. Passive
2. Active
3. Intelligent
Passive hubs do not amplify the electrical signal of incoming packets before broadcasting them out to the network. Active hubs, on the other hand, do perform this amplification, as does a different type of dedicated network device called a repeater. Some people[who?] use the terms concentrator when referring to a passive hub and multiport repeater when referring to an active hub.[citation needed]
Intelligent hubs add extra features to an active hub that are of particular importance to businesses. An intelligent hub typically is stackable (built in such a way that multiple units can be placed one on top of the other to conserve space). It also typically includes remote management capabilities via SNMP and virtual LAN (VLAN) support.
Hubs remain a very popular device for small networks because of their low cost.[citation needed]
[edit] Uses
Historically, the main reason for purchasing hubs rather than switches was its price. This has largely been eliminated by reductions in the price of switches, but hubs can still be useful in special circumstances:
- A protocol analyzer connected to a switch does not always receive all the desired packets since the switch separates the ports into different segments. Connecting the protocol analyzer to a hub allows it to see all the traffic on the segment. (Expensive switches can be configured to allow one port to listen in on traffic from another port. This is called port mirroring. However, these cost much more than a hub.)
- Some computer clusters require each member computer to receive all of the traffic going to the cluster. A hub will do this naturally; using a switch requires implementing special tricks.
- When a switch is accessible for end users to make connections, for example, in a conference room, an inexperienced or careless user (or saboteur) can bring down the network by connecting two ports together, causing a loop. This can be prevented by using a hub, where a loop will break other users on the hub, but not the rest of the network. (It can also be prevented by buying switches that can detect and deal with loops, for example by implementing the Spanning Tree Protocol.)
- A cheap hub with a 10BASE2 port is probably the cheapest and easiest way to connect devices that only support 10BASE2 to a modern network (cheap switches don’t tend to come with 10BASE2 ports). The same goes for linking in an old thicknet network segment using an AUI port on a hub (individual devices that were intended for thicknet can be linked to modern Ethernet by using an AUI-10BASE-T transceiver).
sumber : http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Network_hub
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